Isomeric composition of tetracycline antibiotics in liquid manure at a swine animal feeding operation in iowa

Isomeric Composition of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Liquid Manure at a Swine Animal
Feeding Operation in Iowa
M. T. Meyer, Ed Lee, U.S. Geological Survey, 4821 Quail Crest Pl., Lawrence, KS 66049 D.W. Kolpin, Kent Beecher, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 S. Clinton St., Iowa City, IA 52244 Abstract

Analytical methods used for environmental assessments of tetracycline antibiotics may redistribute the
proportion of the parent antibiotics and their epimers and isomers in liquid waste and water. In previous studies,
chlortetracycline and tetracycline have been reported as the sum of the parent compounds and their epimers and
isomers. In order to determine concentrations of parent compounds, epimers, and isomers individually, on-line
solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with standard addition was used to
characterize liquid waste samples collected from swine lagoons. Antibiotic residues were measured in liquid
waste collected from the north and south sides of a lagoon in July, October, and November 2003 at a swine
animal feeding operation in Iowa. The lagoon was drained between the October and November samplings.
Addressed
The primary antibiotic detected was chlorotetracycline and the dominant isomeric species of chlorotetracycline
found were iso-chlorotetracycline, iso-epi-chlorotetracycline, and epi-chlorotetracycline. The concentrations
ranged from 1,200 µg/L to 4,600 µg/L for iso-chlorotetracycline, 1,100 µg/L to 2,700 µg/L for iso-epi-
chlorotetracycline, and<0.1 to 92 µg/L for epi-chlorotetracycline. Chlorotetracycline was detected in three of
six samples at concentrations from <0.1 to 1,400 µg/L. Tetracycline and epi-tetracycline were detected in all
the samples at concentrations from 71 to 210 µg/L. Anhydro-tetracycline, a degradate of tetracycline, was
detected at concentrations of <0.1 to 2.4 µg/L. Lincomycin was detected in concentrations from 0.9 to 44 µg/L.
Spatial and temporal variations in concentrations were measured and will be discussed. More importantly, to
understand the environmental distribution and fate of the tetracycline antibiotics and the relation between
antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the isomeric species as well as the parent antibiotic need to
be measured.
Biographical Sketches
Michael T. Meyer, PhD., U.S. Geological Survey
Michael Meyer has been a Research Geochemist for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) since 1988. He
received his Ph.D. in Geology from the University of Kansas in 1994. His research has focused on the
development of methods for the analysis of emerging organic contaminants (e.g. herbicide metabolites and
pharmaceuticals) and determining their occurrence, fate, and geochemical transport in the environment.
Currently he is Director of the USGS, Kansas District, Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory.
Dana Kolpin is a research hydrologist and has worked for the USGS since 1984. His research interests include
the occurrence of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other emerging contaminants in the environment.

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Isomeric Composition of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Liquid Manure at a Swine Animal Feeding Operation in Iowa

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Source: http://www.keepantibioticsworking.com/new/KAWfiles/64_2_37597.pdf