EFFICACY OF GENKiMOR (EFFECTIVE MICROBES PRODUCTS) FOR THE CURATIVE AND PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT OF WORM INFESTATION IN DORPER SHEEP AT MARDI STATION, SG BAGING SHEEP FARM. *M.S., Farah Nurshahida1 , M., Mohmad 2 , M. S., Mohd Ridzuan1 and W.H., Wan Maryani2
1 Pusat Promosi dan Pembangunan Teknologi, Stesen MARDI Sungai Baging, P.S. 3,
2 Pusat Promosi dan Pembangunan Teknologi, Ibu Pejabat MARDI, 43400, Serdang
Worm infestations are among the causes of high mortalities and reduced production in sheep and goats farming. Various strategies and treatments procedures have been made to overcome the problem however it remains unsolved. Among the factors that contribute to poor success are the increasing incidence of worm resistance to the chemicals drugs used in antihelmintics. Many smallholders farmers in Malaysia incurred significant loss in sheep farming due to this worms problems. Preliminary studies have shown that among the contributing factors for this losses are due to excessive use of chemical drugs and poor management practices in farming. As alternatives to reduce the use of commercial chemical anthelminthics, some natural products can be used (3). For example, Neem (Azadirachta indica) is often used as an alternative treatment to control worm infestation (2). Studies done by Chandrawathani et.al showed that there is reduction in worms count in sheep fed by fresh Neem leaves (1). Effective microbes such as GENKiMO, produced by MARDI can possibly help in controlling worm burden in livestocks. However there is less information on effective microbes usage for worm treatment available to farmers. This preliminary study was executed to determine the efficacy of GENKiMO (effective microbes products) for the curative and prophylactic treatment of worm infestation in Dorper sheep at MARDI Station, Sg baging sheep farm. As comparison, the treatments using Neem leaves and commercial chemical drugs was included in the study.
The experiment was carried out using a total of 15 selected Dorper sheep between the age of 7 to 12 months with an average live body weight of 20kg (±5kg). They were randomly assigned to three treatments with five replications per treatment. There are three treatments, T1; commercial antihelminthics as control, T2; fed with Neem (A.indica) and T3; GENKiMO Fauna in water. The sheep were kept in group of five animals per treatment and provided with feed and water adlibitum. About ±5.0 gram sample of faeces were collected monthly from each treatment before and after treatment being conducted. Those samples were subjected to faecal egg count analysis (FEC McMaster Technique). Monitoring of worm burden was also conducted using FAMACHA Anaemia Chart system. Data on FEC (nematode) was recorded and analysed.
From preliminary result, faecal egg count in sheep from each treatments was high before treatment started ranging from 3630 to 3930 epg. After 2 months of experiment, there was a reduction in worm egg counts for every treatment. T2 showed the lowest egg count with 1400 epg compared to T2 and T1 respectively at 1530 and 2780 epg (Table1). From 3rd collection, the egg worm counts continue to decrease and there was a significant different among treatments (P<.05). The lowest egg count was from T2 with 790 while 2390 and 1040 epg for T1 and T3 respectively.Worm burden estimation showed that the number of parasites was
higher in T1 compared to the other treatment. Weekly FAMACHA monitoring showed that the range score for T1 was between 3-5 while for T2 and T3 was between 2 to 3 indicating that T2 and T3 treated animals are less anaemic.
As conclusion, alternatives materials such as effective microbes (GENKiMO) and Neem (A.indica) can be used in farms as control of worm infestation. This alternative antihelmintics can reduce worm burdens especially haemonchosis in sheep thus reducing drug resistance in the farms. The product also environmental friendly and cheap as compared to commercial drugs. Further studies should be conducted to determine the appropriate methods to control haemonchosis in sheep farm.
Table 1: Faecal egg worm counts (nematode) in faeces of Dorper sheep
*P<.05 a,b,cMean values with different superscripts within the same column is significantly different (P<.05)
The authors are grateful to Director General of Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) for his permission to participate and to present this poster at the Malaysian Society of Animal Production 34th Annual Conference.
1. Chandrawathani, P., Chang, K.W., Nurulaini, R., Waller, P.J., Adnan, M., Zaini, C.M., Jamnah, O., Khadijah, S. And Vincent, N. 2006. Daily feeding of fresh Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) for worm control in sheep. Tropical Biomedicine 23 (1): 23-30.
2. Macedo, F.R., H. Louvandini, H., G.R. Paludo, C.M. Mc Manus, A.D. Porto, R.F.S. Martins, P.G. Viana and B.P. Neves. 2007. Effects of Azadirachta on sheep infected naturally with helminthes. American J. of Animal and Veterinary Sc. 2 (4) : 121-126.
3. Shaalana, E.A.S., D. Canyonb, M.W.F. Younesc, A.Hoda and A. Mansoura. 2005. A review of botanical phytochemicals with mosquitocidal potentila. Environ. Int., 31 : 1149-1166.
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